Samsung Heavy Industries
Price chart
- MA5
- MA20
- MA60
Adjusted prices rescale past bars with coefficients taken from the base prices the exchange itself published, correcting for corporate actions such as stock splits and reverse splits. Cash dividends are not reflected, and the risk measures on this page never use these adjusted figures.
Each day's close multiplied by the listed share count of this share class alone, sampled weekly. It is the figure for this issue only, not a combined total across common and preferred shares.
Overview
Summary
Samsung Heavy Industries was established in 1974 and is a public company listed on the KOSPI market. The company operates with nine consolidated subsidiaries.
The company operates in the shipbuilding and offshore business and the construction and civil engineering business. It supplies vessels such as LNG carriers and container ships, as well as offshore platforms, primarily to overseas shipowners. The construction segment performs architectural and civil works for domestic clients.
Business overview as filed
회사는 수익을 창출하는 재화와 용역의 성격, 이익창출단위, 제품 제조공정의 특징, 시장 및 판매방법의 특징, 사업부문 구분의 계속성 등을 고려하여 회사의 실태를적절히 반영할 수 있도록 조선해양부문, 토건부문으로 사업을 구분하고 있습니다.조선해양부문은 초대형컨테이너선, LNG선, 원유운반선 등 선박 및 LNG-FPSO, FPU 등 해양플랫폼을 건조, 판매하고 있으며, 토건부문은 건축 및 토목공사,하이테크 공사를 수행하고 있습니다.
각 사업부문별 자세한 내용은 7. 회사의 연결대상 종속회사는 총 9개사(국내 1사, 해외 8개사)로 선박 건조 및 해양 플랫폼 제작시 필요한 블럭을 제작하는 회사 등 입니다. 주요 종속회사는 총 3개사로 중국에 소재한 1개사는 주로 선박 제작에 필요한 블록을 제작하는 회사이며, 나이지리아에 소재한 2개사는 해양 플랫폼 제작 등을 위한 회사입니다.
회사의 2025년 연결기준 매출액(누계)은 전년 동기 대비 7.5% 증가한 106,500억원으로 각 사업부문별 매출액 및 매출비중은 조선해양부문 102,268억원(96.03%), 토건부문 4,232억원(3.97%)입니다. 조선해양부문은 주로 해외 선주를 대상으로 제품 판매가 이루어지고 있고, 토건부문은 국내 건축업주로부터 매출이 발생하고 있습니다.회사는 매출의 대부분을 차지하고 있는 조선해양부문에서 업계를 선도하기 위한 신제품개발과 기존제품의 세계최고 경쟁력 확보를 위한 성능, 품질 차별화에 연구개발 역량을 집중하고 있습니다.
Company overview
가. 연결대상 종속회사 현황(요약)
2025년 12월 31일 현재 회사의 연결대상 종속회사는 9개사입니다.
나. 연결대상회사의 변동내용
다. 회사의 법적, 상업적 명칭
라. 설립일자 및 존속기간
회사는 1974년 8월 5일 설립되었으며, 1994년 1월 28일자로 한국증권거래소에 주식을 상장한 공개법인입니다.
마. 본사의 주소, 전화번호 및 홈페이지
(1) 주소 : 경기도 성남시 분당구 판교로 227번길 23 (2) 전화번호 : 031-5171-7900 (3) 홈페이지 : http://www.samsungshi.com
바. 중소기업 등 해당 여부
사. 주요사업의 내용
회사와 그 종속회사는 선박 및 해양플랫폼을 건조, 판매하는 조선해양부문과 건축 및 토목공사 등을 수행하는 토건부문을 영위하고 있습니다. 국내에는 거제조선소, 대덕 및 판교 R&D센터를 운영하고 있으며, 해외에서는 8개 종속회사가 선박 및 선박블록 제작, 해양설비 설계 등을 담당하고 있습니다. 또한, 회사의 주요 거래처인 해외선주들과의 네트워크 강화를 위해 5개 해외사무소를 운영하고 있습니다. 각 사업부문별 주요 제품과 매출비중은 다음과 같습니다.
아. 신용평가에 관한 사항
□ 한국기업평가 등급의 정의ㆍ채권 신용등급의 정의
AA부터 B까지는 당해 등급내에서의 상대적 위치에 따라 "+", "-" 의 기호를 부여할 수 있음.
ㆍ전자단기사채, 기업어음 신용등급의 정의
A2부터 B까지는 동일 등급내에서 세분하여 구분할 필요가 있는 경우 "+", "-" 의 기호를 부여할 수 있음.
자. 회사의 주권상장(또는 등록ㆍ지정) 및 특례상장에 관한 사항
Transcribed verbatim from the sentences the filer wrote in the fiscal 2025 business report (received 2026.03.12), tables and figures omitted.
- The summary is written separately from the filed text and is not the filer's wording, so it may phrase things differently from or omit parts of the original, which is shown alongside for checking.
- The company introduction reproduces the sentences the filer wrote in its business report, with tables, figures and the sentences that point to other sections of the report omitted, and the accuracy of their content has not been separately verified.
VaR
The headline's measure for each of the three windows on one scale, the dot being the estimate and the bar its interval. The windows are nested and share their observations, so the three readings are not three independent measurements. The selected window is highlighted.
The issue's daily returns over the chosen window counted into equal-width bins. The vertical lines mark the VaR and cVaR above on the loss side. The published VaR sample applies exclusion rules for halts and first sessions that this raw daily series does not, so the bars and the marks can differ slightly at the edges.
Deepest drawdown 43.8% (2026-09-29). How far below its previous peak the issue stood each day over the chosen window, a description of the path already travelled.
Characteristic line
- Intercept
- -0.171%[-0.542%, +0.200%]
- R squared
- 0.24
- Observations
- 252
- Trading-time corrected beta
- 0.56[0.35, 0.78]
A 252-day window rolled one day at a time over the longest daily span of the characteristic line. It shows when the beta against the KOSPI200 and the annualized volatility of the issue's excess return rose and fell, and unlike the headline figures above it carries no interval.
Each point is one period's index excess return and issue excess return, and the line is the regression fitted to those points. The risk-free rate is the certificate of deposit rate.
- Beta summarizes by regression how far the issue's return moved together with the KOSPI200 or KOSDAQ150 index return, and the index is only a stand-in for the whole market.
- The intercept is the average excess return the index does not explain, and when the interval shown beside it contains zero it cannot be told apart from zero.
- Beta and the intercept are computed from the sample of the chosen window and frequency and are not values for the period ahead.
- At the daily frequency a beta corrected for differences in trading times is shown alongside, and the gap between the two shows how much later than the index the issue's trades are reflected.
Financials
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | TTM | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RevenueKRW 100M | 97,144 | 104,142 | 79,012 | 52,651 | 73,497 | 68,603 | 66,220 | 59,447 | 80,094 | 99,031 | 106,500 | 116,057 |
| Revenue growth% | — | 7.20 | -24.13 | -33.36 | 39.59 | -6.66 | -3.47 | -10.23 | 34.73 | 23.64 | 7.54 | — |
| Operating incomeKRW 100M | -15,019 | -1,472 | -5,242 | -4,093 | -6,166 | -10,541 | -13,120 | -8,544 | 2,333 | 5,027 | 8,622 | 11,325 |
| Operating income growth% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 115.43 | 71.52 | — |
| Net incomeKRW 100M | -12,121 | -1,388 | -3,407 | -3,882 | -13,154 | -14,927 | -14,521 | -6,274 | -1,556 | 539 | 5,358 | 5,562 |
| Net income growth% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 894.40 | — |
| Attributable to ownersKRW 100M | -12,054 | -1,212 | -3,388 | -3,879 | -13,108 | -14,824 | -14,451 | -6,194 | -1,483 | 639 | 5,455 | 5,653 |
| Attributable to minoritiesKRW 100M | -67 | -175 | -20 | -3 | -45 | -103 | -70 | -80 | -73 | -100 | -98 | -91 |
| Operating margin% | -15.46 | -1.41 | -6.63 | -7.77 | -8.39 | -15.37 | -19.81 | -14.37 | 2.91 | 5.08 | 8.10 | 9.76 |
| Net margin% | -12.48 | -1.33 | -4.31 | -7.37 | -17.90 | -21.76 | -21.93 | -10.55 | -1.94 | 0.54 | 5.03 | 4.79 |
| ROE% | — | — | -5.85 | -5.76 | -24.99 | -39.81 | -35.15 | -17.23 | -4.31 | 1.68 | 13.15 | 11.85 |
| ROA% | -7.01 | -0.81 | -2.47 | -2.72 | -9.67 | -11.55 | -11.96 | -4.33 | -1.00 | 0.31 | 3.58 | 3.10 |
| Debt ratio% | 305.59 | 174.37 | 138.35 | 111.72 | 159.10 | 247.54 | 196.26 | 305.71 | 357.39 | 358.59 | 265.05 | 281.27 |
| Current ratio% | 105.65 | 110.01 | 94.89 | 118.16 | 97.75 | 88.90 | 79.25 | 91.27 | 82.31 | 77.89 | 78.61 | 87.76 |
| Quick ratio% | 90.50 | 96.45 | 77.86 | 94.52 | 64.75 | 64.74 | 58.17 | 74.20 | 66.92 | 74.13 | 73.42 | 83.25 |
| Reserve ratio% | 347.26 | 218.99 | 202.53 | 118.84 | 77.64 | 30.92 | 69.83 | 1.23 | -22.61 | -18.90 | 41.69 | 78.72 |
| Free cash flowKRW 100M | 121 | -17,618 | 4,321 | 965 | -7,584 | -3,418 | 8,056 | -17,554 | -6,699 | 4,811 | 13,466 | — |
| FCF margin% | 0.12 | -16.92 | 5.47 | 1.83 | -10.32 | -4.98 | 12.17 | -29.53 | -8.36 | 4.86 | 12.64 | — |
| OCF conversion% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,214.84 | 291.71 | — |
| Capex to revenue% | 6.26 | 1.99 | 1.37 | 1.31 | 1.05 | 1.43 | 0.60 | 1.05 | 1.92 | 1.75 | 2.03 | — |
| Inventory daysdays | — | 49.1 | 55.4 | 93.5 | 95.7 | 103.6 | 81.7 | 87.2 | 81.8 | 44.3 | 18.5 | — |
| EPSKRW | -5,879 | -485 | -869 | -616 | -2,081 | -2,353 | -1,642 | -704 | -168 | 73 | 639 | 642 |
| PERx | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 155.68 | 37.72 | 36.27 |
| BPSKRW | — | — | 14,845 | 10,696 | 8,326 | 5,911 | 4,672 | 4,085 | 3,908 | 4,312 | 4,715 | 5,422 |
| PBRx | — | — | 0.49 | 0.69 | 0.87 | 1.19 | 1.21 | 1.25 | 1.98 | 2.62 | 5.11 | 4.30 |
| Dividend per share | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Consolidated basis
Profit flowKRW 100M
- Revenue
- 106,500
- Cost of sales
- 92,757
- Gross profit
- 13,743
- Operating income
- 8,622
- Other
- 5,121
- Profit before tax
- 6,505
- Non-operating expenses
- 2,117
- Net income
- 5,358
- Income tax expense
- 1,147
This diagram traces where revenue goes at each step on its way to net income, using the filed amounts as they are. The non-operating result is taken as the difference between profit before tax and operating income and is shown as income or expense by its sign, and whatever a step's items leave unexplained is shown separately as other.
Revenue compositionKRW 100M
Margins%
Cash flow by activityKRW 100M
Balance sheet compositionKRW 100M
Debt ratio%
The left bar splits assets into current and non-current and the right bar splits the financing of those assets into liabilities and equity, so the two bars stand at the same height.
Quarterly resultsKRW 100M
Year-on-year growth%
Each quarterly bar is that quarter's three months and is never mixed with an annual figure. The growth rate is computed only where the same quarter a year earlier is also shown here, and is left blank when the base was a loss.
Cash conversion cycledays
Free cash flow breakdownKRW 100M
Inventory days and receivable days stack upward, payable days hang downward, and the cash conversion cycle they net to is drawn as the line. Each day count uses the average balance with the prior year, so the oldest year is not drawn. A day count whose line was not filed is left out, and the cycle is shown only for years that carry all three.
Free cash flow is cash from operating activities less spending on property, plant and equipment, and all three bars keep the sign as filed.
Owners' net margin%
Asset turnoverx
Financial leveragex
ROE%
ROE is the product of the owners' net margin, asset turnover and financial leverage. All three use period-end balances as denominators, and profit and equity are on the owners' basis, so the product matches the ROE in the table.
Financial statements
Balance sheet
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 173,016 | 172,175 | 138,181 | 142,829 | 136,001 | 129,222 | 121,386 | 144,917 | 155,934 | 171,946 | 149,489 | |
| 101,105 | 99,508 | 67,799 | 74,055 | 69,295 | 66,980 | 55,936 | 84,119 | 92,455 | 93,700 | 74,071 | |
| Cash and cash equivalentsKRW 100M | 9,835 | 9,841 | 3,535 | 9,460 | 3,843 | 9,872 | 5,712 | 9,192 | 5,838 | 9,560 | 7,726 |
| Short-term financial instrumentsKRW 100M | 11,540 | 7,865 | 7,696 | 4,191 | 4,729 | 5,262 | 5,995 | 1,132 | 1,554 | 478 | 3,118 |
| InventoriesKRW 100M | 14,490 | 12,261 | 12,168 | 14,818 | 23,396 | 18,206 | 14,876 | 15,735 | 17,292 | 4,525 | 4,896 |
| Trade and other receivablesKRW 100M | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| 71,911 | 72,667 | 70,382 | 68,774 | 66,706 | 62,242 | 65,450 | 60,798 | 63,479 | 78,247 | 75,418 | |
| Property, plant and equipmentKRW 100M | 55,828 | 64,424 | 61,629 | 58,823 | 57,273 | 55,054 | 56,137 | 52,354 | 52,087 | 51,159 | 51,071 |
| Intangible assetsKRW 100M | Not applicable | Not applicable | 916 | 588 | 462 | 278 | 244 | 264 | 270 | 278 | 320 |
| Investments in associatesKRW 100M | 57 | 35 | 30 | — | 26* | 128 | 129 | 430* | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 130,358 | 109,422 | 80,207 | 75,366 | 83,512 | 92,039 | 80,413 | 109,198 | 121,842 | 134,452 | 108,538 | |
| 95,701 | 90,457 | 71,453 | 62,671 | 70,891 | 75,339 | 70,582 | 92,160 | 112,319 | 120,292 | 94,222 | |
| Trade and other payablesKRW 100M | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| Short-term borrowingsKRW 100M | 19,084 | 26,938 | 19,790 | 14,481 | 16,923 | 19,348 | 9,224 | 14,074 | 18,496 | 21,558 | 14,545 |
| Current portion of long-term borrowingsKRW 100M | 5,136 | 11,587 | 14,881 | 8,356 | 14,136 | 15,743 | 9,271 | 5,193 | 11,853 | 9,256 | 2,774 |
| Current lease liabilitiesKRW 100M | — | — | — | — | 295 | 172 | 138 | 326 | 313 | 650 | 642 |
| 34,657 | 18,964 | 8,754 | 12,695 | 12,621 | 16,701 | 9,831 | 17,037 | 9,523 | 14,159 | 14,316 | |
| Bonds issuedKRW 100M | — | — | 918 | 849 | 2,697 | 2,087 | 1,738 | 1,195 | — | 749 | 2,992 |
| Long-term borrowingsKRW 100M | 15,132 | 9,755 | 5,245 | 5,461 | 4,318 | 10,988 | 2,237 | 10,172 | 3,116 | 619 | 167 |
| Non-current lease liabilitiesKRW 100M | — | — | — | — | 297 | 178 | 114 | 236 | 988 | 2,604 | 1,946 |
| 42,657 | 62,753 | 57,975 | 67,463 | 52,489 | 37,182 | 40,973 | 35,719 | 34,092 | 37,495 | 40,950 | |
| Not applicable | Not applicable | 57,896 | 67,384 | 52,452 | 37,242 | 41,110 | 35,945 | 34,393 | 37,946 | 41,489 | |
| Issued capitalKRW 100M | 11,550 | 19,506 | 19,506 | 31,506 | 31,506 | 31,506 | 8,801 | 8,801 | 8,801 | 8,801 | 8,801 |
| Capital surplusKRW 100M | 4,172 | 7,520 | 7,520 | 9,441 | 9,441 | 9,441 | 19,697 | 19,697 | 19,697 | 19,697 | 19,697 |
| Retained earningsKRW 100M | 35,935 | 35,196 | 31,984 | 28,001 | 15,022 | 301 | -13,552 | -19,589 | -21,687 | -21,360 | -16,028 |
| Accumulated other comprehensive incomeKRW 100M | 356 | 10,060 | 8,524 | 8,076 | 6,123 | 5,634 | 10,603 | 11,475 | 12,021 | 15,247 | 13,459 |
| Other equityKRW 100M | -9,639 | -9,639 | -9,639 | -9,639 | -9,639 | -9,639 | 15,560 | 15,560 | 15,560 | 15,560 | 15,560 |
| Non-controlling interestsKRW 100M | 284 | 110 | 79 | 79 | 37 | -60 | -138 | -226 | -301 | -451 | -539 |
| 유동파생금융자산As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 2,718 | 1,574 | 8,527 | 2,658 | 6,305 | 3,581 |
| 매출채권As filed | 3,507 | 3,892 | 3,445 | 5,083 | 2,010 | 2,593 | 1,137 | 7,008 | 3,883 | 10,305 | 13,100 |
| 유동확정계약자산As filed | — | — | — | 608 | — | 122 | 2,805 | 10,611 | 11,132 | 14,207 | 6,870 |
| 계약자산As filed | — | — | — | 32,064 | 24,817 | 21,117 | 15,326 | 23,192 | 37,839 | 35,727 | 21,765 |
| 미청구공사As filed | 42,915 | 50,546 | 30,945 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 미수금As filed | 302 | 1,271 | 1,233 | 668 | 784 | 318 | 324 | 696 | 1,529 | 1,552 | 1,088 |
| 선급금As filed | 8,950 | 3,603 | 1,929 | 3,590 | 3,224 | 4,070 | 3,803 | 5,469 | 7,826 | 8,806 | 8,995 |
| 기타유동금융자산As filed | 527 | 905 | 751 | 743 | 793 | 734 | 775 | 777 | 744 | 621 | 668 |
| 선급비용As filed | 947 | 709 | 516 | 654 | 741 | 475 | 754 | 1,144 | 1,205 | 1,214 | 1,497 |
| 유동성파생금융상품As filed | 2,453 | 2,108 | 3,293 | — | 1,223 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 유동성확정계약자산As filed | 4,517 | 4,800 | 890 | — | 2,095 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 유동파생금융상품As filed | — | — | — | 642 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 기타유동자산As filed | 1,123 | 1,708 | 1,399 | 1,533 | 703 | 544 | 685 | 523 | 811 | 301 | 728 |
| 선급법인세As filed | — | — | — | — | 936 | 947 | 266 | 115 | 146 | 100 | 40 |
| 매도가능금융자산As filed | 611 | 263 | 268 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 투자부동산As filed | 70 | 168 | 167 | 166 | 165 | 178 | 176 | 3 | 0 | 0 | — |
| 당기손익-공정가치금융자산As filed | — | — | — | 128 | 128 | — | — | — | 441 | 447 | 619 |
| 무형자산As filed | 1,017 | 961 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 장기선급비용As filed | 757 | 680 | 758 | 693 | 245 | 249 | 186 | 390 | 520 | 485 | 320 |
| 기타포괄손익-공정가치금융자산As filed | — | — | — | 204 | 162 | 260 | 267 | 367 | 373 | — | — |
| 매각예정자산As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,904 | — | — | — | — |
| 비유동파생금융상품As filed | 1,431 | 820 | 960 | 343 | 803 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 비유동확정계약자산As filed | 3,851 | 1,069 | 548 | 1,148 | 1,675 | 31 | 3,681 | 2,150 | 2,781 | 13,008 | 11,206 |
| 비유동매출채권As filed | 680 | 245 | 435 | 438 | 169 | 135 | 104 | — | — | — | — |
| 이연법인세자산As filed | 7,300 | 3,786 | 4,556 | 6,169 | 4,552 | 4,531 | 2,366 | 2,054 | 3,464 | 6,471 | 5,836 |
| 관계기업 및 공동기업 투자As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 9 | 1 | — | — | — |
| 기타비유동금융자산As filed | 309 | 214 | 114 | 75 | 62 | 50 | 61 | 60 | 59 | 158 | 183 |
| 사용권자산As filed | — | — | — | — | 984 | 391 | 385 | 1,007 | 1,745 | 2,593 | 1,950 |
| 매입채무As filed | 14,137 | 13,207 | 6,426 | — | 6,512 | 4,176 | 5,484 | 6,248 | 8,328 | 6,229 | 5,845 |
| 미지급금As filed | 1,065 | 1,377 | 1,109 | 797 | 754 | 1,105 | 775 | 1,849 | 986 | 1,016 | 1,055 |
| 선수금As filed | 11,150 | 3,116 | 734 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 초과청구공사As filed | 28,133 | 15,438 | 14,402 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 미지급비용As filed | 5,024 | 5,230 | 4,984 | 2,385 | 2,170 | 1,503 | 1,952 | 1,944 | 2,159 | 2,211 | 3,326 |
| 비유동파생금융자산As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 955 | 1,451 | 833 | 955 | 2,765 | 2,428 |
| 당기법인세부채As filed | 49 | — | 33 | 17 | 17 | 31 | 41 | 52 | 40 | 0 | 122 |
| 유동성확정계약부채As filed | 2,464 | 2,096 | 1,419 | — | 2,375 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 충당부채As filed | 3,757 | 3,252 | 4,191 | 4,332 | 3,897 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 순확정급여자산As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | 253 | 884 | 784 | 464 | 602 |
| 기타유동부채As filed | 486 | 394 | 364 | 490 | 404 | 242 | 867 | 963 | 2,177 | 1,244 | 1,188 |
| 단기매입채무As filed | — | — | — | 6,359 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 사채As filed | 10,982 | 4,993 | 1,627 | — | — | — | — | — | 2,047 | — | — |
| 순확정급여부채As filed | 1,759 | 1,013 | 405 | 765 | 465 | 153 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 계약부채As filed | — | — | — | 22,074 | 15,626 | 17,318 | 26,284 | 37,574 | 49,922 | 54,630 | 45,805 |
| 기타충당부채As filed | 241 | 241 | 241 | 156 | 156 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 기타포괄손익-공정가치 금융자산As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 418 | 882 |
| 보통주자본금As filed | 11,544 | 19,500 | 19,500 | 31,500 | 31,500 | 31,500 | 8,800 | 8,800 | 8,800 | 8,800 | 8,800 |
| 비유동확정계약부채As filed | 1,392 | 341 | 621 | 367 | 1,127 | 950 | 58 | 235 | 481 | 0 | 355 |
| 우선주자본금As filed | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 기타비유동금융부채As filed | 218 | 182 | 196 | 229 | 436 | 502 | 508 | 2,179 | 1,874 | 623 | 819 |
| 자본과부채총계As filed | — | — | 138,181 | 142,829 | — | 129,222 | 121,386 | — | 155,934 | 171,946 | 149,489 |
| 기타비유동부채As filed | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 유동파생금융부채As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 2,285 | 3,506 | 9,704 | 6,941 | 20,655 | 7,880 |
| 유동확정계약부채As filed | — | — | — | 466 | — | 2,756 | 192 | 1,238 | 254 | 0 | 116 |
| 이연법인세부채As filed | 874 | 1,261 | 466 | 494 | 129 | 169 | 272 | 219 | 141 | 0 | 0 |
| 공사손실충당부채As filed | — | — | — | 1,814 | 1,202 | 1,206 | 9,490 | 9,354 | 3,967 | 888 | 33 |
| 지배기업의 소유주에게 귀속되는 지분As filed | 42,374 | 62,643 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 하자보수충당부채As filed | — | — | — | 3,340 | 2,427 | 2,346 | 2,641 | 3,031 | 2,335 | 1,515 | 1,861 |
| 기타유동충당부채As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 7,108 | 662 | 610 | 4,549 | 440 | 9,032 |
| 부채와자본총계As filed | 173,016 | 172,175 | — | — | 136,001 | — | — | 144,917 | — | — | — |
| 기타유동금융부채As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 매각예정자산과 직접 관련된 부채As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | 55 | — | — | — | — |
| 기타비유동충당부채As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 156 | 156 | — | — | — | — |
| 비유동파생금융부채As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 354 | 4,119 | 2,511 | 576 | 9,147 | 7,398 |
| 비유동파생상품부채As filed | — | — | 663 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
Income statement
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 97,144 | 104,142 | 79,012 | 52,651 | 73,497 | 68,603 | 66,220 | 59,447 | 80,094 | 99,031 | 106,500 | |
| Cost of salesKRW 100M | 106,761 | 99,391 | 80,517 | 52,693 | 72,884 | 73,259 | 73,877 | 64,069 | 73,640 | 89,825 | 92,757 |
| Gross profitKRW 100M | -9,616 | 4,751 | -1,504 | -41 | 613 | -4,655 | -7,657 | -4,622 | 6,455 | 9,206 | 13,743 |
| SG&A expensesKRW 100M | 5,403 | 6,223 | 3,737 | 4,051 | 6,779 | 5,886 | 5,463 | 3,922 | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| -15,019 | -1,472 | -5,242 | -4,093 | -6,166 | -10,541 | -13,120 | -8,544 | 2,333 | 5,027 | 8,622 | |
| Finance incomeKRW 100M | 2,671 | 2,271 | 2,515 | 1,926 | 3,013 | 3,262 | 1,857 | 1,772 | 1,430 | 1,825 | 6,412 |
| Finance costsKRW 100M | 2,773 | 3,243 | 2,085 | 3,070 | 4,384 | 5,592 | 3,007 | 2,566 | 2,896 | 3,618 | 5,974 |
| Other incomeKRW 100M | 26,780 | 16,903 | 20,245 | 9,512 | 16,020 | 11,750 | 15,142 | 30,656 | 17,872 | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| Other expensesKRW 100M | 26,271 | 15,144 | 20,070 | 9,251 | 19,876 | 13,602 | 14,353 | 26,855 | 21,697 | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| Share of profit of associatesKRW 100M | -7 | -4 | — | — | — | -26 | -18 | -8 | -1 | 0 | -0 |
| -14,618 | -689 | -4,639 | -4,976 | -11,392 | -14,750 | -13,498 | -5,547 | -2,957 | -3,155 | 6,505 | |
| Income tax expenseKRW 100M | -2,497 | 698 | -1,232 | 1,094 | 1,761 | 177 | 1,023 | 727 | -1,402 | -3,694 | 1,147 |
| -12,121 | -1,388 | -3,407 | -3,882 | -13,154 | -14,927 | -14,521 | -6,274 | -1,556 | 539 | 5,358 | |
| Attributable to ownersKRW 100M | -12,054 | -1,212 | -3,388 | -3,879 | -13,108 | -14,824 | -14,451 | -6,194 | -1,483 | 639 | 5,455 |
| Attributable to minoritiesKRW 100M | -67 | -175 | -20 | -3 | -45 | -103 | -70 | -80 | -73 | -100 | -98 |
| Basic earnings per shareKRW | -5,879 | -485 | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | 639 |
| Diluted earnings per shareKRW | -5,879 | -485 | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| Not applicable | Not applicable | -4,779 | -4,138 | -14,974 | -15,307 | -8,961 | -5,253 | -1,627 | 3,402 | 3,455 | |
| Other comprehensive incomeKRW 100M | -441 | 10,047 | -1,371 | -257 | -1,820 | -380 | 5,559 | 1,021 | -72 | 2,864 | -1,902 |
| 기타비용As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 60,640 | 17,217 |
| 당기순손실As filed | — | — | — | -3,882 | -13,154 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 당기순이익(손실)As filed | -12,121 | -1,388 | -3,407 | — | — | -14,927 | -14,521 | -6,274 | -1,556 | 539 | 5,358 |
| 비지배지분As filed | -73 | -174 | — | — | -42 | -97 | -78 | -88 | -76 | -150 | -88 |
| 기타수익As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 54,252 | — |
| 기타이익As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 14,661 |
| 기타포괄손익-공정가치 금융자산 평가손익As filed | — | — | — | 20 | 21 | 74 | 5 | 79 | 5 | 30 | 363 |
| 순확정급여부채의 재측정 요소As filed | -294 | 451 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 순확정급여부채의 재측정요소As filed | — | — | — | -4 | 97 | 84 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 자산재평가차익(차손)의 세전기타포괄손익As filed | — | 11,458 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 지배기업 소유주지분As filed | -12,488 | 8,833 | — | — | -14,931 | -15,210 | -8,883 | -5,166 | -1,551 | 3,552 | 3,543 |
| 확정급여제도의 재측정손익(세전기타포괄손익)As filed | — | — | 206 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 재분류되지 않는 항목과 관련한 법인세As filed | 71 | -2,882 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 매도가능금융자산평가이익(손실)As filed | -314 | -247 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 순확정급여부채(자산)의 재측정요소As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 156 | -615 | -480 | -147 |
| 순확정급여자산의 재측정요소As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | 40 | — | — | — | — |
| 법인세 효과As filed | — | — | 50 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 보통주기본주당이익(손실)As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | -0 | — | — |
| 재평가잉여금의 감소As filed | — | — | — | — | — | -63 | 2,094 | — | — | — | -142 |
| 재평가잉여금의 증가(감소)As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 144 | — | — | — |
| 파생상품평가손익As filed | — | — | — | -309 | -815 | -382 | 3,173 | 721 | 464 | 3,030 | -2,024 |
| 우선주기본주당순이익(손실)As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| 해외사업환산손익As filed | — | — | — | — | 1,123 | 93 | -247 | 79 | 75 | 283 | 48 |
| 후속적으로 당기손익으로 재분류될수 있는 항목As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3,313 | -1,976 |
| 매도가능금융자산평가손익As filed | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 우선주기본주당이익(손실)As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | -0 | — | — |
| 해외사업환산이익(손실)As filed | 23 | 1,205 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 지분법 손실As filed | — | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 해외사업장환산손익As filed | — | — | 1,528 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 지분법자본변동As filed | -1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | — | -0 | 0 |
| 해외사업장환산이익As filed | — | — | — | -36 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 관계기업 자본변동지분As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | -0 | — | — |
| 기타포괄손익관련법인세 효과As filed | 74 | 60 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 보통주기본주당순이익(손실)As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | — |
| 지분법 자본변동As filed | — | — | -1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 총 포괄손익, 지배기업의 소유주에게 귀속되는 지분As filed | — | — | -4,747 | -4,138 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 당기손익으로 재분류되지 않는 항목As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | -449 | 74 |
| 우선주기본주당순손실As filed | — | -0 | — | — | — | -0 | -0 | — | — | — | — |
| 우선주희석주당순손실As filed | — | -0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 총 포괄손익, 비지배지분As filed | — | — | -31 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 보통주기본주당반기순이익(손실)As filed | — | — | — | -0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 보통주기본주당기순이익(손실)As filed | — | — | — | — | -0 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 우선주기본주당반기순이익(손실)As filed | — | — | — | -0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 재평가잉여금의 증가As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | — |
| 보통주기본주당순손실As filed | — | — | — | — | — | -0 | -0 | — | — | — | — |
| 우선주기본주당기순이익(손실)As filed | — | — | — | — | -0 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 보통주기본주당기순손실As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | -0 | — | — | — |
| 보통주희석주당반기순이익(손실)As filed | — | — | — | -0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 계속영업기본주당이익(손실)As filed | — | — | -0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 보통주희석주당기순이익(손실)As filed | — | — | — | — | -0 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 우선주희석주당반기순이익(손실)As filed | — | — | — | -0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 중단영업기본주당이익(손실)As filed | — | — | -0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 우선주기본주당기순손실As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | -0 | — | — | — |
| 판매비와관리비As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4,121 | 4,179 | — |
| 우선주희석주당기순이익(손실)As filed | — | — | — | — | -0 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 계속영업희석주당이익(손실)As filed | — | — | -0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 중단영업희석주당이익(손실)As filed | — | — | -0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 판매 및 일반관리비As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5,121 |
Cash flow statement
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net incomefrom the income statement | -12,121 | -1,388 | -3,407 | -3,882 | -13,154 | -14,927 | -14,521 | -6,274 | -1,556 | 539 | 5,358 |
| Total adjustments to operating cash flowcomputed | 18,324 | -14,160 | 8,808 | 5,537 | 6,341 | 12,488 | 22,971 | -10,656 | -3,609 | 6,006 | 10,271 |
| 6,203 | -15,548 | 5,401 | 1,655 | -6,812 | -2,439 | 8,450 | -16,930 | -5,165 | 6,545 | 15,628 | |
| Interest receivedKRW 100M | 378 | 562 | 334 | 289 | 372 | 174 | 500 | 323 | 479 | 414 | 306 |
| Interest paidKRW 100M | 1,107 | 1,682 | 1,554 | 1,232 | 1,287 | 1,504 | 1,414 | 925 | 1,834 | 2,672 | 1,700 |
| Income taxes paidKRW 100M | 1,678 | -333 | 350 | 337 | 239 | 67 | -79 | 311 | 82 | 80 | 21 |
| -10,807 | 1,295 | -744 | 3,693 | -1,177 | -1,668 | 998 | 11,021 | -1,947 | 3,105 | -4,804 | |
| Purchase of property, plant and equipmentKRW 100M | 6,082 | 2,070 | 1,079 | 690 | 772 | 978 | 394 | 624 | 1,534 | 1,734 | 2,163 |
| Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipmentKRW 100M | 377 | 971 | 160 | 724 | 24 | 113 | 2,080 | 3,230 | 17 | 3,837 | 216 |
| Purchase of intangible assetsKRW 100M | 0 | 5 | 3 | Not applicable | 0 | 3 | Not applicable | Not applicable | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 11,037 | 13,917 | -9,567 | 504 | 3,657 | 10,114 | -13,691 | 9,468 | 3,760 | -5,992 | -12,665 | |
| Dividends paidKRW 100M | 513 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 11 |
| Issue of sharesKRW 100M | — | 11,305 | — | 13,920 | — | — | 12,757 | — | — | — | — |
| Cash at beginning of periodKRW 100M | 3,408 | 9,835 | 9,841 | 3,535 | 9,460 | 3,843 | 9,872 | 5,712 | 9,192 | 5,838 | 9,560 |
| 9,835 | 9,841 | 3,535 | 9,460 | 3,843 | 9,872 | 5,712 | 9,192 | 5,838 | 9,560 | 7,726 | |
| Effect of exchange rate changesKRW 100M | -7 | 341 | -1,394 | 72 | -1,285 | 22 | 83 | -79 | -2 | 63 | 7 |
| Net change in cash and cash equivalentsKRW 100M | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | 3,658 | -1,840 |
| 영업에서 창출된 현금흐름As filed | 8,606 | -14,764 | 6,967 | 2,931 | -5,662 | -1,044 | 9,283 | -16,019 | — | — | — |
| 비지배지분의 감소As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 491 | 1,110 | 0 |
| 배당금수입As filed | — | — | 4 | 5 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 배당금 수입As filed | 5 | 3 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | 2 | — | — |
| 비지배지분의 증가As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,601 | — | 0 | 0 |
| 단기금융상품의 취득As filed | — | — | 8,295 | 5,098 | 8,234 | 19,127 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 리스부채의 상환As filed | — | — | — | — | 614 | 406 | 325 | 541 | 639 | 846 | 822 |
| 단기금융상품의 감소As filed | — | — | 8,280 | 8,651 | — | — | 31,630 | 8,664 | 4,100 | 1,321 | 47 |
| 사채의 발행As filed | 4,983 | — | 918 | 748 | 4,842 | 2,485 | 1,946 | 995 | 2,245 | 0 | 3,000 |
| 단기금융상품의 증가As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | 32,339 | 3,814 | 4,833 | 236 | 2,681 |
| 단기금융상품의 처분As filed | — | — | — | — | 7,744 | 18,314 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 장기차입금의 증가As filed | — | — | — | — | 9,356 | 19,390 | 6,767 | 8,710 | 7,340 | 4,867 | 1,943 |
| 당기손익-공정가치 금융자산의 처분As filed | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 0 |
| 기타포괄손익-공정가치 금융자산의 처분As filed | — | — | — | — | 45 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 단기차입금의 증가As filed | — | — | 25,953 | — | 15,965 | 26,825 | 18,393 | 18,401 | 21,742 | 34,809 | 19,966 |
| 당기손익-공정가치 금융자산의 취득As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 301 | — | — | 166 |
| 매도가능금융자산의 취득As filed | — | 8 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 관계기업 및 공동기업투자의 처분As filed | — | — | — | 59 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 장기차입금의 상환As filed | 19 | — | 840 | 3,165 | 61 | — | — | — | 3,948 | 0 | 0 |
| 종속기업, 관계기업 및 공동기업의 취득As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 매도가능금융자산의 처분As filed | 17 | 380 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 단기차입금의 상환As filed | — | — | 32,632 | 33,002 | 18,116 | 24,038 | 28,789 | 13,343 | 17,296 | 32,391 | 27,115 |
| 종속기업, 조인트벤처와 관계기업에 대한 투자자산의 취득As filed | 11 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 무형자산의 처분As filed | 31 | 31 | — | 6 | 2 | 0 | 33 | 12 | — | 0 | — |
| 유동성장기부채의 상환As filed | 6,511 | 5,135 | — | — | — | 13,942 | 24,434 | 6,356 | 5,193 | -11,322 | — |
| 투자부동산의 처분As filed | 251 | 173 | — | — | — | — | — | 211 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| 기타유동금융자산의 감소As filed | 388 | 111 | 97 | — | — | 759 | 16 | 21 | 22 | 12 | 1,311 |
| 종속기업, 조인트벤처와 관계기업에 대한 투자자산의 처분As filed | — | 11 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 매각예정자산의 처분As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3,663 | — | 0 | — |
| 기타비유동금융자산의 감소As filed | 266 | 84 | 132 | 53 | 25 | 9 | 7 | 5 | 289 | 13 | 13 |
| 기타비유동금융자산의 증가As filed | 48 | 25 | 31 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 36 | 23 | 14 | 102 | 16 |
| 당기손익인식금융자산의 처분As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | — | — |
| 기타유동금융자산의 증가As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 741 | — | 23 | — | 0 | 1,302 |
| 단기금융상품의 증감As filed | -5,996 | 2,243 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 유동장기부채의 상환As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 9,626 |
| 당기손익-공정가치금융자산의처분As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | — |
| 기타포괄-공정가치 금융자산의 처분As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 32 |
| 단기차입금의 차입As filed | — | — | — | 27,642 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 만기보유금융자산의 취득As filed | — | 590 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 투자부동산의 취득As filed | — | 7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 단기사채의 상환As filed | — | — | — | 1,630 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 유동성 장기부채의 상환As filed | — | — | 12,188 | 14,269 | 7,716 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 기타포괄-공정가치 금융자산의 취득As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 12 |
| 당기손익-공정가치금융자산의취득As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | — |
| 장기차입금의 차입As filed | 16,343 | 7 | 7,597 | 10,259 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 사채의 상환As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 200 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 기타포괄손익-공정가치 금융자산의 취득As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | — |
| 단기사채의 발행As filed | — | — | 1,626 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 영업으로부터 창출된 현금흐름As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | -3,730 | 8,881 | 17,035 |
| 환율변동효과 반영전 현금및현금성자산의 순증가(감소)As filed | 6,433 | -335 | -4,911 | 5,852 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 무상감자As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | — | — | — | — |
| 현금및현금성자산의 증가(감소)As filed | — | — | — | — | -4,332 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 현금및현금성자산의 증감As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 6,007 | -4,243 | 3,559 | -3,352 | — | — |
| 사용권자산의 취득As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 94 |
| 사업에 대한 지배력 상실As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 10 |
| 사업에 대한 지배력 획득(보유현금 차감 후)As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | -0 |
| 배당금 수취As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 8 |
| 비지배지분의 취득As filed | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 단기차입금의증감As filed | 3,246 | -7,740 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
In the latest fiscal year cash generated by operations covered both investing outflows and financing outflows.
A year whose own filing is absent is filled from the restated comparative in the following filing, and is marked as such. Operating indicators outside the statements, such as order backlogs, and audit opinions are not covered here, and per-share figures follow the filed values without retroactive adjustment for share splits.
Transcribed verbatim from the sentences the filer wrote in the fiscal {year} business report (received {date}), with tables, figures and cross-references to other sections omitted.
The newest annual filing shown was received on 2026.03.12.
Audit opinion
| Fiscal year | Opinion | Auditor | Fiscal year end |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 적정의견Term 52 | 삼일회계법인 | 2025-12-31 |
| 2024 | 적정의견Term 51 | 삼일회계법인 | 2025-12-31 |
| 2023 | 적정의견Term 50 | 삼일회계법인 | 2025-12-31 |
| 2022 | 적정Term 49 | 삼정회계법인 | 2022-12-31 |
| 2021 | 적정Term 48 | 삼정회계법인 | 2022-12-31 |
| 2020 | 적정Term 47 | 삼정회계법인 | 2022-12-31 |
| 2019 | 적정Term 46 | 삼일회계법인 | 2019-12-31 |
| 2018 | 적정Term 45 | 삼일회계법인 | 2019-12-31 |
| 2017 | 적정Term 44 | 삼일회계법인 | 2019-12-31 |
| 2016 | 적정Term 43 | 삼일회계법인 | 2016-12-31 |
| 적정Term 42 | 삼일회계법인 | 2016-12-31 | |
| 적정Term 41 | 삼일회계법인 | 2016-12-31 |
The auditor's name and the opinion are transcribed verbatim from the filed audit report, and the wording follows the filer. A fiscal year shown twice means the filing carried two entries that the source does not distinguish.
Korean audit opinions come in four kinds, where an unqualified opinion (적정) finds the statements fairly presented, a qualified opinion (한정) does so except for a stated matter, an adverse opinion (부적정) finds them not fairly presented, and a disclaimer of opinion (의견거절) means the auditor could not obtain enough evidence to form a view.
Valuation
Valuation multiplesx
PER and PBR divide each period's closing price by the per-share figure filed for that same period, and a loss period is left blank. The quarterly view is a multiple of quarterly EPS.
Valuation models
Five models priced under one set of assumptions, set beside the current price, with how each has moved by fiscal year.
Assumptions
The risk premium and the terminal growth rate are adjustable assumptions, and the rest follow from the data and the formulas.
| Model | Model priceKRW | Versus current price |
|---|---|---|
| Gordon growth model | No dividend | |
| Dividend discount model DDM | No dividend | |
| Discounted cash flow FCFF | 41,329 | +107.1% |
| Discounted cash flow FCFE | 4,939 | -75.3% |
| Residual income model RIM | 12,233 | -38.7% |
Dividend and residual income familyKRW
Discounted cash flow familyKRW
How the figures are calculated
Each model's formula is shown in symbols and then with this issue's own numbers substituted, step by step. Changing a value in the assumptions panel changes the numbers here too. Firm-level amounts are in hundred million won and per-share values in won.
Cost of equity
r = 4.37% + 0.59 × 5.00% = 7.31%
Initial growth
g_1 = max(13.15% × (1 − 0.00%), 0) = 13.15%
Growth starts at this value in the first year and falls by equal steps each year to reach the terminal rate in the fifth
Residual income model RIM
B_0 = 4,715 KRW, ROE = 13.15%, payout ratio = 0.00%, r = 7.31%, g_T = 2.00%
| Year | Opening book value | Earnings | Equity charge | Residual income | Discount factor | Present value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4,715 | 620 | 345 | 275 | 0.9319 | 256 |
| 2 | 5,335 | 701 | 390 | 311 | 0.8684 | 270 |
| 3 | 6,036 | 794 | 441 | 352 | 0.8092 | 285 |
| 4 | 6,830 | 898 | 499 | 399 | 0.7541 | 301 |
| 5 | 7,728 | 1,016 | 565 | 451 | 0.7027 | 317 |
| Terminal value | 8,665 | 0.7027 | 6,089 | |||
P_0 = 4,715 + 1,430 + 6,089 = 12,233 KRW
Discounted cash flow FCFF
Base-year cash flow FCFF
FCFF_0 = 15,628.5 − 2,162.5 + 1,699.7 × (1 − 17.64%) = 14,865.8 KRW hundred million
Weighted average cost of capital
E = 175,648.0, D = 20,477.9 KRW hundred million; equity weight = 89.56%, debt weight = 10.44%; cost of debt k_d = 7.31%
WACC = 89.56% × 7.31% + 10.44% × 7.31% × (1 − 17.64%) = 7.18%
| Year | Growth | Cash flow KRW hundred million | Discount factor | Present value KRW hundred million |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13.15% | 16,820.5 | 0.9330 | 15,694.3 |
| 2 | 10.36% | 18,563.4 | 0.8706 | 16,160.7 |
| 3 | 7.57% | 19,969.5 | 0.8123 | 16,220.8 |
| 4 | 4.79% | 20,925.5 | 0.7579 | 15,859.2 |
| 5 | 2.00% | 21,344.0 | 0.7071 | 15,093.2 |
| Terminal value | 2.00% | 420,588.9 | 0.7071 | 297,416.0 |
| Total | 376,444.2 | |||
Firm value = 376,444.2; less borrowings 20,477.9; plus cash 7,726.1 → 363,692.4 KRW hundred million
P_0 = 363,692.4 KRW hundred million ÷ 880,000,000 (shares) = 41,329 KRW
Discounted cash flow FCFE
Base-year cash flow FCFE
FCFE_0 = 15,628.5 − 2,162.5 + -11,704.5 (net borrowing) = 1,761.4 KRW hundred million
| Year | Growth | Cash flow KRW hundred million | Discount factor | Present value KRW hundred million |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13.15% | 1,993.1 | 0.9319 | 1,857.3 |
| 2 | 10.36% | 2,199.6 | 0.8684 | 1,910.1 |
| 3 | 7.57% | 2,366.2 | 0.8092 | 1,914.8 |
| 4 | 4.79% | 2,479.5 | 0.7541 | 1,869.7 |
| 5 | 2.00% | 2,529.0 | 0.7027 | 1,777.2 |
| Terminal value | 2.00% | 48,572.1 | 0.7027 | 34,132.5 |
| Total | 43,461.5 | |||
P_0 = 43,461.5 KRW hundred million ÷ 880,000,000 (shares) = 4,939 KRW
The cost of equity is the risk-free rate plus beta times the equity risk premium. Initial growth is the newest fiscal year's return on equity times its retention ratio, floored at zero, and falls by equal steps from that value in the first year to the terminal rate in the fifth. Only the Gordon model grows at the terminal rate from the start. Discounted cash flow starts from operating cash flow less capital expenditure, where FCFF adds after-tax interest paid and discounts at the weighted average cost of capital, and FCFE adds net borrowing and discounts at the cost of equity. The residual income model adds to book value per share the present value of earnings above the equity charge.
- A model price is the arithmetic outcome of the stated assumptions, and is neither a target price nor a basis for an investment decision.
- The cost of equity is the risk-free rate plus beta times the equity risk premium, and the risk premium and the terminal growth rate are assumptions the reader may change.
- The cash flow models take borrowings and cash only from years in which the filer itemized those lines, and a year without them yields no figure.
- Every model assumes the newest fiscal year's figures grow at a rate that converges in equal steps from the first year's rate to the terminal rate by the fifth year, and paths outside that assumption are not represented.