Vina Tech
Price chart
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Adjusted prices rescale past bars with coefficients taken from the base prices the exchange itself published, correcting for corporate actions such as stock splits and reverse splits. Cash dividends are not reflected, and the risk measures on this page never use these adjusted figures.
Each day's close multiplied by the listed share count of this share class alone, sampled weekly. It is the figure for this issue only, not a combined total across common and preferred shares.
Overview
Summary
Vina Tech was established on July 26, 1999. The company is listed on the KOSDAQ market and is classified as a venture business and a small and medium enterprise.
The company develops and produces core materials and components for super capacitors and hydrogen fuel cells. Its business segments include energy storage devices and hydrogen energy solutions, supplying products to global markets through its domestic and Vietnamese operations.
Business overview as filed
비나텍은 친환경 고출력 에너지 저장 장치인 슈퍼커패시터(Super Capacitor)와 차세대 미래 에너지원인 수소연료전지(Fuel Cell)의 핵심 소재 및 부품을 연구, 개발, 양산하는 글로벌 친환경 에너지 선도 기업입니다. 전 세계적인 탄소중립 트렌드와 산업 전반의 전력화의 가속화 속에서, 당사의 기술력은 에너지 효율을 극대화하고 안정적인 전력망을 구축하는 핵심 인프라 기술로 확고히 자리 잡고 있습니다.
글로벌 시장조사기관들에 따르면, 전 세계 에너지 저장 및 전력 제어 솔루션 시장은 신재생 에너지 전환과 첨단 IT 인프라 확충에 힘입어 견조한 성장을 이어갈 것으로 전망됩니다. 특히 2026년을 기점으로 고출력, 장수명, 폭넓은 구동 온도 특성을 자랑하는 슈퍼커패시터가 기존 이차전지의 한계를 보완하고 대체하는 필수 전력 솔루션으로 대두되며 그 채택률이 급증하고 있습니다.
이러한 시장 패러다임 변화의 중심에는 AI 데이터센터(AIDC)의 폭발적인 증가와 스마트 전력망(Grid) 시장의 개화가 자리하고 있습니다. 대규모 연산 처리에 따른 막대한 전력 소모와 발열을 제어하기 위해 무정전 전원장치(UPS) 및 피크 전력 제어의 중요성이 극대화됨에 따라, 고효율 슈퍼커패시터 수요는 폭발적으로 증가하는 추세입니다. 비나텍은 이러한 거대한 시장의 흐름에 선제적으로 대응하여, 올해를 기점으로 기존 단일 '셀(Cell)' 중심의 공급을 넘어 '시스템(System)' 단위로 사업 영역을 본격 확장하며 질적·양적 성장의 새로운 궤도에 진입하고 있습니다.
나아가 당사는 미래 성장 동력인 수소연료전지 사업 부문에서도 확고한 기술 초격차를 통해 다가올 거대 시장을 준비하고 있습니다. 수소 생태계는 현재 본격적인 상용화 시점을 향해 기술적 진보를 거듭하고 있는 단계로, 비나텍은 세계 최고 수준의 탄소 소재 기술력을 기반으로 고분자 전해질 연료전지(PEMFC) 및 수전해 분야에서 독보적인 진입장벽을 구축해 나아가고 있습니다. 단기적인 외형 팽창에 연연하기보다 핵심 소재부터 부품에 이르는 내재화와 지속적인 R&D 투자를 통해, 수소 경제가 본격 개화하는 시점에 글로벌 시장을 선점할 수 있는 강력한 펀더멘털을 다지고 있습니다.
성장하는 전방 시장의 수요에 부응하기 위해, 당사는 베트남 해외법인에 생산능력 확대를 위한 투자를 진행하며 견고한 글로벌 공급망 체계를 완성해 나가고 있습니다. 결과적으로 비나텍은 단순한 부품 제조사를 넘어, 다가오는 AI 인프라 및 친환경 에너지 시대의 패러다임 변화를 주도하는 '종합 전력 및 에너지 솔루션 기업'으로서 지속적인 시장 확대와 기업가치 상승을 달성해 나아가고 있습니다.
Company overview
가. 연결대상 종속회사 개황
(1) 연결대상 종속회사 현황(요약)
1-1. 연결대상회사의 변동내용 중소기업 등 해당 여부
2. 회사의 법적ㆍ상업적 명칭
당사의 명칭은 "비나텍 주식회사"라고 하고, 영문으로 "VINATECH CO.,LTD"라고 표기합니다.
3. 설립일자
당사는 1999년 7월 26일에 설립되었습니다.
4. 본사의 주소, 전화번호, 홈페이지 주소
5. 중소기업 해당 여부
당사는 본 증권신고서 제출일 현재 중소기업기본법 제2조 및 기본법 시행령 제3조에 의한 중소기업에 해당됩니다.
6. 벤처기업 해당 여부
당사는 본 보고서 작성기준일 현재 벤처기업육성에 관한 특별조치법 제25조의 규정에 따른 벤처기업에 해당됩니다.
회사의 주권상장(또는 등록ㆍ지정) 및 특례상장에 관한 사항
Transcribed verbatim from the sentences the filer wrote in the fiscal 2025 business report (received 2026.03.19), tables and figures omitted.
- The summary is written separately from the filed text and is not the filer's wording, so it may phrase things differently from or omit parts of the original, which is shown alongside for checking.
- The company introduction reproduces the sentences the filer wrote in its business report, with tables, figures and the sentences that point to other sections of the report omitted, and the accuracy of their content has not been separately verified.
VaR
The headline's measure for each of the three windows on one scale, the dot being the estimate and the bar its interval. The windows are nested and share their observations, so the three readings are not three independent measurements. The selected window is highlighted.
The issue's daily returns over the chosen window counted into equal-width bins. The vertical lines mark the VaR and cVaR above on the loss side. The published VaR sample applies exclusion rules for halts and first sessions that this raw daily series does not, so the bars and the marks can differ slightly at the edges.
Deepest drawdown 77.2% (2026-07-30). How far below its previous peak the issue stood each day over the chosen window, a description of the path already travelled.
Characteristic line
- Intercept
- +0.393%[-0.295%, +1.082%]
- R squared
- 0.24
- Observations
- 252
- Trading-time corrected beta
- 1.14[0.64, 1.64]
A 252-day window rolled one day at a time over the longest daily span of the characteristic line. It shows when the beta against the KOSDAQ150 and the annualized volatility of the issue's excess return rose and fell, and unlike the headline figures above it carries no interval.
Each point is one period's index excess return and issue excess return, and the line is the regression fitted to those points. The risk-free rate is the certificate of deposit rate.
- Beta summarizes by regression how far the issue's return moved together with the KOSPI200 or KOSDAQ150 index return, and the index is only a stand-in for the whole market.
- The intercept is the average excess return the index does not explain, and when the interval shown beside it contains zero it cannot be told apart from zero.
- Beta and the intercept are computed from the sample of the chosen window and frequency and are not values for the period ahead.
- At the daily frequency a beta corrected for differences in trading times is shown alongside, and the gap between the two shows how much later than the index the issue's trades are reflected.
Financials
| 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | TTM | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RevenueKRW 100M | 428 | 467 | 490 | 707 | 550 | 596 | 822 | 1,065 |
| Revenue growth% | — | 9.18 | 4.86 | 44.32 | -22.21 | 8.42 | 37.99 | — |
| Operating incomeKRW 100M | 60 | 64 | 56 | 94 | 30 | -81 | 18 | 22 |
| Operating income growth% | — | 6.03 | -11.58 | 66.23 | -67.53 | -365.73 | — | — |
| Net incomeKRW 100M | 44 | 46 | 75 | 117 | 20 | -97 | -70 | -420 |
| Net income growth% | — | 4.76 | 62.41 | 55.70 | -83.06 | -589.01 | — | — |
| Attributable to ownersKRW 100M | 44 | 46 | 75 | 117 | 20 | -91 | -59 | -405 |
| Attributable to minoritiesKRW 100M | — | — | — | — | — | -6 | -11 | -15 |
| Operating margin% | 14.03 | 13.63 | 11.49 | 13.23 | 5.52 | -13.54 | 2.16 | 2.05 |
| Net margin% | 10.30 | 9.88 | 15.31 | 16.52 | 3.60 | -16.22 | -8.51 | -39.38 |
| ROE% | 23.39 | 10.63 | 14.92 | 19.14 | 3.08 | -10.79 | -7.34 | -44.83 |
| ROA% | 9.45 | 5.73 | 7.61 | 8.75 | 1.52 | -5.49 | -3.46 | -16.19 |
| Debt ratio% | 147.41 | 85.59 | 96.03 | 118.65 | 102.31 | 109.86 | 158.54 | 194.72 |
| Current ratio% | 92.85 | 222.79 | 144.47 | 124.35 | 112.74 | 81.14 | 85.68 | 125.27 |
| Quick ratio% | 68.04 | 186.00 | 102.84 | 101.09 | 94.91 | 62.06 | 53.24 | 79.20 |
| Reserve ratio% | 743.34 | 1,578.93 | 1,799.28 | 2,117.16 | 2,120.69 | 1,740.65 | 1,851.84 | 2,177.88 |
| Free cash flowKRW 100M | -23 | -68 | -242 | -125 | 6 | -483 | -254 | — |
| FCF margin% | -5.33 | -14.61 | -49.46 | -17.70 | 1.11 | -81.05 | -30.92 | — |
| OCF conversion% | 91.13 | 58.02 | 57.71 | 97.47 | 660.46 | — | — | — |
| Capex to revenue% | 14.71 | 20.35 | 58.29 | 33.80 | 22.65 | 75.30 | 23.55 | — |
| Receivable daysdays | — | 94.0 | 103.3 | 88.0 | 114.5 | 115.2 | 111.1 | — |
| Inventory daysdays | — | 69.7 | 95.5 | 77.9 | 87.9 | 82.4 | 120.8 | — |
| Payable daysdays | — | 223.7 | 241.1 | 116.7 | 66.2 | 57.7 | 65.5 | — |
| Cash conversion cycledays | — | -60.0 | -42.2 | 49.3 | 136.1 | 139.9 | 166.5 | — |
| EPSKRW | 1,077 | 1,003 | 1,483 | 2,198 | 352 | 1,540 | -960 | -5,641 |
| PERx | — | 54.44 | 32.43 | 18.20 | 131.96 | 18.51 | — | — |
| BPSKRW | — | 8,856 | 9,637 | 11,151 | 11,073 | 13,843 | 11,851 | 12,581 |
| PBRx | — | 6.17 | 4.99 | 3.59 | 4.19 | 2.06 | 6.07 | 6.59 |
| Dividend per share | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Consolidated basis
Profit flowKRW 100M
This fiscal year shows a loss at gross profit, operating income, profit before tax or net income, so it is left to the table rather than drawn as a flow.
This diagram traces where revenue goes at each step on its way to net income, using the filed amounts as they are. The non-operating result is taken as the difference between profit before tax and operating income and is shown as income or expense by its sign, and whatever a step's items leave unexplained is shown separately as other.
Revenue compositionKRW 100M
Margins%
Cash flow by activityKRW 100M
Balance sheet compositionKRW 100M
Debt ratio%
The left bar splits assets into current and non-current and the right bar splits the financing of those assets into liabilities and equity, so the two bars stand at the same height.
Quarterly resultsKRW 100M
Year-on-year growth%
Each quarterly bar is that quarter's three months and is never mixed with an annual figure. The growth rate is computed only where the same quarter a year earlier is also shown here, and is left blank when the base was a loss.
Cash conversion cycledays
Free cash flow breakdownKRW 100M
Inventory days and receivable days stack upward, payable days hang downward, and the cash conversion cycle they net to is drawn as the line. Each day count uses the average balance with the prior year, so the oldest year is not drawn. A day count whose line was not filed is left out, and the cycle is shown only for years that carry all three.
Free cash flow is cash from operating activities less spending on property, plant and equipment, and all three bars keep the sign as filed.
Owners' net margin%
Asset turnoverx
Financial leveragex
ROE%
ROE is the product of the owners' net margin, asset turnover and financial leverage. All three use period-end balances as denominators, and profit and equity are on the owners' basis, so the product matches the ROE in the table.
Financial statements
Balance sheet
| 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 466 | 806 | 985 | 1,333 | 1,300 | 1,761 | 2,023 | |
| 183 | 451 | 356 | 555 | 467 | 464 | 709 | |
| Cash and cash equivalentsKRW 100M | 13 | 17 | 70 | 160 | 183 | 115 | 95 |
| Short-term financial instrumentsKRW 100M | 1 | 239 | 27 | — | — | — | — |
| InventoriesKRW 100M | 49 | 74 | 103 | 104 | 74 | 109 | 268 |
| Trade and other receivablesKRW 100M | 120 | 120 | 157* | 184 | 161 | 216 | 285 |
| 283 | 355 | 628 | 778 | 833 | 1,297 | 1,314 | |
| Property, plant and equipmentKRW 100M | 266 | 321 | 582 | 678 | 722 | 1,203 | 1,254 |
| Intangible assetsKRW 100M | 5 | 3 | 7 | 12 | 13 | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| 278 | 372 | 482 | 723 | 657 | 922 | 1,240 | |
| 197 | 202 | 247 | 446 | 414 | 572 | 828 | |
| Trade and other payablesKRW 100M | 195 | 201 | 246* | 63 | 71 | 57 | 147 |
| Short-term borrowingsKRW 100M | — | — | — | 252 | 315 | 438 | 586 |
| Current portion of long-term borrowingsKRW 100M | — | — | — | 125 | 22 | — | — |
| Current lease liabilitiesKRW 100M | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — |
| 81 | 169 | 236 | 277 | 243 | 350 | 413 | |
| Long-term borrowingsKRW 100M | — | — | — | 263 | 226 | 315 | 365 |
| Non-current lease liabilitiesKRW 100M | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | — | — |
| 188 | 434 | 502 | 610 | 643 | 839 | 782 | |
| 188 | 434 | 502 | 610 | 643 | 842 | 798 | |
| Issued capitalKRW 100M | 23 | 26 | 28 | 29 | 31 | 32 | 35 |
| Capital surplusKRW 100M | 133 | 330 | 342 | 342 | 360 | 360 | 516 |
| Retained earningsKRW 100M | 38 | 84 | 158 | 273 | 292 | 200 | 140 |
| Accumulated other comprehensive incomeKRW 100M | -7 | -13 | -7 | 2 | -2 | 18 | 4 |
| Other equityKRW 100M | 1 | 7 | -19 | -37 | -38 | 232 | 103 |
| Non-controlling interestsKRW 100M | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | -3 | -16 |
| 당기법인세자산As filed | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 기타유동금융자산As filed | — | — | — | 99 | 41 | 14 | 9 |
| 기타유동비금융자산As filed | — | — | — | 8 | 8 | — | — |
| 기타유동자산As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 10 | 51 |
| 장기매출채권 및 기타비유동채권As filed | 5 | 9 | 9 | — | — | 0 | — |
| 장기금융상품As filed | 0 | 14 | 15 | — | — | — | — |
| 기타비유동금융자산As filed | — | — | 13 | 16 | 7 | 8 | 14 |
| 기타비유동비금융자산As filed | — | — | — | 4 | — | — | — |
| 이연법인세자산As filed | 7 | 9 | 2 | 32 | 36 | 20 | 0 |
| 비유동 당기손익-공정가치측정금융자산As filed | — | — | — | 36 | 52 | — | — |
| 당기손익-공정가치측정금융자산As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 44 | 34 |
| 무형자산As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 19 | 10 |
| 기타비유동자산As filed | — | — | — | — | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| 미지급법인세As filed | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 장기매입채무 및 기타비유동채무As filed | 61 | 147 | 220 | 7 | 10 | 12 | 16 |
| 기타유동비금융부채As filed | — | — | — | 4 | 3 | — | — |
| 비유동충당부채As filed | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 퇴직급여부채As filed | 17 | 20 | 14 | — | — | 13 | 16 |
| 이연법인세부채As filed | 1 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 3 | 4 |
| 충당부채As filed | — | — | — | 0 | — | — | — |
| 당기법인세부채As filed | — | — | — | 1 | — | 4 | 2 |
| 자본과부채총계As filed | 466 | 806 | 985 | 1,333 | 1,300 | 1,761 | 2,023 |
| 유동리스부채As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 4 |
| 유동충당부채As filed | — | — | — | — | 3 | 2 | 6 |
| 순확정급여부채As filed | — | — | — | 4 | 2 | — | — |
| 유동성장기차입금As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 64 | 78 |
| 장기종업원급여부채As filed | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| 기타 유동부채As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 5 |
| 비유동리스부채As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 10 |
| 기타 비유동 부채As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
Income statement
| 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 428 | 467 | 490 | 707 | 550 | 596 | 822 | |
| Cost of salesKRW 100M | 296 | 323 | 338 | 484 | 369 | 405 | 570 |
| Gross profitKRW 100M | 131 | 144 | 151 | 223 | 181 | 190 | 252 |
| SG&A expensesKRW 100M | 71 | 80 | 95 | 129 | 150 | 271 | 234 |
| 60 | 64 | 56 | 94 | 30 | -81 | 18 | |
| Finance incomeKRW 100M | 11 | 19 | 36 | 41 | 31 | 59 | 33 |
| Finance costsKRW 100M | 14 | 31 | 11 | 45 | 39 | 53 | 66 |
| Other incomeKRW 100M | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Other expensesKRW 100M | 1 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 9 | 2 | 33 |
| 60 | 47 | 79 | 86 | 17 | -74 | -43 | |
| Income tax expenseKRW 100M | 16 | 1 | 4 | -31 | -3 | 23 | 27 |
| 44 | 46 | 75 | 117 | 20 | -97 | -70 | |
| Attributable to ownersKRW 100M | 44 | 46 | 75 | 117 | 20 | -91 | -59 |
| Attributable to minoritiesKRW 100M | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | -6 | -11 |
| Basic earnings per shareKRW | 1,077 | 1,003* | 1,483 | 2,198* | 352* | 1,540* | -960 |
| Diluted earnings per shareKRW | 1,077 | 1,003* | 1,483 | 2,198* | 352* | 1,540* | -960 |
| 43 | 40 | 81 | 126 | 15 | -75 | -85 | |
| Other comprehensive incomeKRW 100M | -1 | -6 | 6 | 9 | -5 | 21 | -15 |
| 포괄손익, 비지배지분As filed | — | — | — | — | — | -5 | -13 |
| 포괄손익, 지배기업의 소유주에게 귀속되는 지분As filed | — | — | — | — | 15 | -71 | -72 |
| 계속영업기본주당이익(손실)As filed | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — |
| 당기손익으로 재분류될 수 있는 항목(세후기타포괄손익)As filed | 1 | -5 | 5 | 2 | -4 | 27 | -20 |
| 해외사업장환산외환차이 세후재분류조정As filed | -1 | 5 | -5 | -2 | — | — | — |
| 계속영업희석주당이익(손실)As filed | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — |
| 당기손익으로 재분류되지 않는항목(세후기타포괄손익)As filed | -2 | -1 | 1 | 7 | -1 | -5 | 5 |
| 확정급여제도의 재측정손익(세후기타포괄손익)As filed | -2 | -1 | 1 | 7 | -1 | — | — |
| 외화환산외환차이의 세후재분류조정As filed | — | — | — | — | 4 | — | — |
| 총 포괄손익, 지배기업의 소유주에게 귀속되는 지분As filed | 43 | 40 | 81 | 126 | — | — | — |
Cash flow statement
| 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net incomefrom the income statement | 44 | 46 | 75 | 117 | 20 | -97 | -70 |
| Total adjustments to operating cash flowcomputed | -4 | -19 | -32 | -3 | 111 | 62 | 9 |
| 40 | 27* | 43 | 114 | 131 | -34 | -61 | |
| Interest receivedKRW 100M | 0 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 9 | 4 | 2 |
| Interest paidKRW 100M | 7 | 5 | 8 | 13 | 21 | 28 | 31 |
| Income taxes paidKRW 100M | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | -0 | 9 |
| -65 | -354* | -81 | -235 | -37 | -399 | -182 | |
| Purchase of property, plant and equipmentKRW 100M | 63 | 95 | 285 | 239 | 124 | 449 | 194 |
| Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipmentKRW 100M | 0 | 0 | 1 | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| Purchase of intangible assetsKRW 100M | 0 | 1 | 4 | Not applicable | Not applicable | 3 | 1 |
| 23 | 331* | 90 | 215 | -70 | 361 | 225 | |
| Acquisition of treasury sharesKRW 100M | — | — | 21 | 21 | 2 | 52 | 1 |
| Issue of sharesKRW 100M | 16 | 198 | 0 | — | — | 2 | 13 |
| Cash at beginning of periodKRW 100M | 15 | 13 | 17 | 70 | 160 | 183 | 115 |
| 13 | 17 | 70 | 160 | 183 | 115 | 95 | |
| Effect of exchange rate changesKRW 100M | 0 | -1 | 2 | -3 | -1 | 4 | -2 |
| Net change in cash and cash equivalentsKRW 100M | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| 당기순이익(손실)As filed | 44 | 46 | 75 | 117 | 20 | -97 | -70 |
| 당기순이익조정을 위한 가감As filed | 54 | 66 | 40 | 50 | 101 | 168 | 233 |
| 신주발행비 지급As filed | — | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 금융리스부채의 지급As filed | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 2 | 3 |
| 리스부채의 상환As filed | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | — | — |
| 영업활동으로인한자산ㆍ부채의변동As filed | -51 | -81 | -66 | -44 | — | — | — |
| 주식선택권행사로 인한 현금유입As filed | 0 | 1 | 6 | — | 11 | — | — |
| 무형자산의 처분As filed | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — |
| 금융상품의 처분As filed | 0 | 0 | 219 | — | — | 109 | 7 |
| 단기금융상품의 감소As filed | — | — | — | 10 | 273 | — | — |
| 장기차입금의 증가As filed | 24 | 110 | 90 | 170 | — | 130 | 99 |
| 단기차입금의 증가As filed | 196 | 176 | 159 | 236 | 157 | 448 | 369 |
| 대여금의 감소As filed | 3 | 4 | 6 | — | — | 43 | — |
| 대여금의 회수As filed | — | — | — | 2 | — | — | — |
| 장기차입금의 상환As filed | 10 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 3 | — |
| 단기차입금의 상환As filed | 187 | 147 | 137 | 154 | 201 | 394 | 217 |
| 임차보증금의 감소As filed | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 1 | 12 | 6 |
| 정부보조금의 수취As filed | 0 | 17 | 9 | 95 | 39 | 10 | 6 |
| 대여금의 증가As filed | 2 | 10 | 0 | — | — | — | 6 |
| 유동성장기부채의 상환As filed | 15 | 4 | 7 | — | — | 39 | 34 |
| 금융상품의 취득As filed | 0 | 252 | 9 | — | — | 85 | — |
| 신종자본증권의 발행As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 270 | — |
| 신종자본증권의 반환As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0 |
| 무형자산의 취득As filed | — | — | — | 2 | — | — | — |
| 임차보증금의 증가As filed | 3 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 9 |
| 단기금융상품의 취득As filed | — | — | — | 80 | 200 | — | — |
| 당기손익인식금융자산의 취득As filed | — | — | 13 | — | 18 | 5 | 7 |
| 당기손익공정가치측정금융자산 취득As filed | — | — | — | 23 | — | — | — |
| 종속기업에 대한 투자자산의 취득As filed | — | — | 7 | — | — | — | — |
| 기타보증금의 감소As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| 당기손익인식금융자산의 처분As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 16 |
| 영업권 이외의 무형자산의 취득As filed | — | — | — | — | 2 | — | — |
| 유형자산의 처분As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| 현금의기타유입(유출)As filed | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 장기금융상품의 취득As filed | — | — | — | — | 0 | — | — |
| 기타보증금의 증가As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 0 |
| 단기대여금및수취채권의 취득As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 25 | — |
| 정부보조금의 반환As filed | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| 영업활동으로 인한 자산 부채의 변동As filed | — | — | — | — | 24 | -82 | -187 |
| 종속기업과 기타 사업의 지배력 획득에 따른 현금흐름As filed | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | — |
| 환율변동효과 반영전 현금및현금성자산의 순증가(감소)As filed | -2 | 4 | 51 | 93 | 24 | -72 | -17 |
| 유동성장기차입금의 상환As filed | — | — | — | 14 | — | — | — |
In the latest fiscal year operations and investing consumed cash raised through financing activities.
A year whose own filing is absent is filled from the restated comparative in the following filing, and is marked as such. Operating indicators outside the statements, such as order backlogs, and audit opinions are not covered here, and per-share figures follow the filed values without retroactive adjustment for share splits.
Transcribed verbatim from the sentences the filer wrote in the fiscal {year} business report (received {date}), with tables, figures and cross-references to other sections omitted.
The newest annual filing shown was received on 2026.03.19.
Audit opinion
| Fiscal year | Opinion | Auditor | Fiscal year end |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 적정의견Term 27 | 삼도회계법인 | 2025-12-31 |
| 2024 | 적정의견Term 26 | 삼도회계법인 | 2025-12-31 |
| 2023 | 적정의견Term 25 | 삼도회계법인 | 2025-12-31 |
| 2022 | 적정 의견Term 24 | 삼도회계법인 | 2022-12-31 |
| 2021 | 적정 의견Term 23 | 삼도회계법인 | 2022-12-31 |
| 2020 | 적정 의견Term 22 | 삼도회계법인 | 2022-12-31 |
| 2019 | 적정 의견Term 21 | 삼정회계법인 | 2019-12-31 |
| 2018 | 적정 의견Term 20 | 상록회계법인 | 2019-12-31 |
| 2017 | 적정 의견Term 19 | 상록회계법인 | 2019-12-31 |
The auditor's name and the opinion are transcribed verbatim from the filed audit report, and the wording follows the filer. A fiscal year shown twice means the filing carried two entries that the source does not distinguish.
Korean audit opinions come in four kinds, where an unqualified opinion (적정) finds the statements fairly presented, a qualified opinion (한정) does so except for a stated matter, an adverse opinion (부적정) finds them not fairly presented, and a disclaimer of opinion (의견거절) means the auditor could not obtain enough evidence to form a view.
Valuation
Valuation multiplesx
PER and PBR divide each period's closing price by the per-share figure filed for that same period, and a loss period is left blank. The quarterly view is a multiple of quarterly EPS.
PER bandKRW
The price is the adjusted close and each band line multiplies the EPS of the latest completed fiscal year by a fixed multiple. The previous year's EPS stays in force until the next fiscal year ends, and the multiples divide the range between the lowest and highest annual PER on record into equal steps.
Valuation models
Five models priced under one set of assumptions, set beside the current price, with how each has moved by fiscal year.
Assumptions
The risk premium and the terminal growth rate are adjustable assumptions, and the rest follow from the data and the formulas.
| Model | Model priceKRW | Versus current price |
|---|---|---|
| Gordon growth model | No dividend | |
| Dividend discount model DDM | No dividend | |
| Discounted cash flow FCFF | Base-year cash flow not positive | |
| Discounted cash flow FCFE | Base-year cash flow not positive | |
| Residual income model RIM | -8,751 | -110.1% |
Dividend and residual income familyKRW
Discounted cash flow familyKRW
How the figures are calculated
Each model's formula is shown in symbols and then with this issue's own numbers substituted, step by step. Changing a value in the assumptions panel changes the numbers here too. Firm-level amounts are in hundred million won and per-share values in won.
Cost of equity
r = 4.40% + 0.86 × 5.00% = 8.68%
Initial growth
g_1 = max(-7.34% × (1 − 0.00%), 0) = 0.00%
Growth starts at this value in the first year and falls by equal steps each year to reach the terminal rate in the fifth
Residual income model RIM
B_0 = 11,851 KRW, ROE = -7.34%, payout ratio = 0.00%, r = 8.68%, g_T = 2.00%
| Year | Opening book value | Earnings | Equity charge | Residual income | Discount factor | Present value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11,851 | -869 | 1,029 | -1,898 | 0.9201 | -1,746 |
| 2 | 10,982 | -806 | 953 | -1,759 | 0.8466 | -1,489 |
| 3 | 10,176 | -746 | 883 | -1,630 | 0.7790 | -1,270 |
| 4 | 9,430 | -692 | 819 | -1,510 | 0.7168 | -1,083 |
| 5 | 8,738 | -641 | 759 | -1,400 | 0.6595 | -923 |
| Terminal value | -21,366 | 0.6595 | -14,091 | |||
P_0 = 11,851 + -6,511 + -14,091 = -8,751 KRW
The cost of equity is the risk-free rate plus beta times the equity risk premium. Initial growth is the newest fiscal year's return on equity times its retention ratio, floored at zero, and falls by equal steps from that value in the first year to the terminal rate in the fifth. Only the Gordon model grows at the terminal rate from the start. Discounted cash flow starts from operating cash flow less capital expenditure, where FCFF adds after-tax interest paid and discounts at the weighted average cost of capital, and FCFE adds net borrowing and discounts at the cost of equity. The residual income model adds to book value per share the present value of earnings above the equity charge.
- A model price is the arithmetic outcome of the stated assumptions, and is neither a target price nor a basis for an investment decision.
- The cost of equity is the risk-free rate plus beta times the equity risk premium, and the risk premium and the terminal growth rate are assumptions the reader may change.
- The cash flow models take borrowings and cash only from years in which the filer itemized those lines, and a year without them yields no figure.
- Every model assumes the newest fiscal year's figures grow at a rate that converges in equal steps from the first year's rate to the terminal rate by the fifth year, and paths outside that assumption are not represented.